Diabetes is a chronic disease caused by metabolic disorders of glucose in the blood is not going to be the cell due to missing or reduced insulin effects in the body. Initial manifestations of diabetes often thirst, increased urination at night. Diabetes is a major cause of heart disease causes coronary, stroke, kidney failure ... In this article we will help you learn about type 1 diabetes.
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| Type 1 diabetes must take insulin to stay alive |
Diabetes type 1 is what
Type 1 diabetes, also called insulin-dependent diabetes or diabetes in young people. In type 1 diabetes, is caused by an autoimmune mechanism, or pancreas are attacked and destroyed by the body, the pancreas no longer make insulin production ability again leads to increased blood sugar and urine sugar .
The gene causes type 1 diabetes have chromosomal (DNA) of 11 identical (chromosomes which stores all the genetic information in the cells nucleotic). Contact, infected some as mumps virus, virus or toxin Coxakies environment can trigger an antibody response in an unusual way, to cause damage to the pancreas cells secreting insulin.
Type 1 diabetes is caused by autoimmune mechanisms, ie the pancreas are attacked and destroyed by the body, making this agency no longer able to produce insulin anymore. Abnormal antibodies are formed within the body type 1 diabetes, the blood protein nature, part of the immune system of the body.
In immune diseases, as well as in patients with type 1 diabetes, the immune system produces antibodies directed against the patient's tissue.
What causes type 1 diabetes
The exact cause is still unknown. Genes, viruses, and autoantibodies can act causes type 1 diabetes.
Subjects with type 1 diabetes
Type 1 diabetes tends to occur in young people, usually under 30 years of age. However in young patients also have diabetes by chance format. Type 1 diabetes accounts for about 10%.
Symptoms of type 1 diabetes
- Thirsty
- Sub regularly
- Feeling very hungry or tired
- Reduced weight despite good appetite
- Healing is slow
- Dry skin, itchy skin
- Loss of sensation in the feet or tingling sensation
- Reduced vision.
- Nausea, vomiting.
Treatment for type 1 diabetes
Unlike type 2 diabetes, type 1 diabetes usually occurs commonly in children because the body depends on insulin, leading to difficulties in the treatment process. If not adequately treated diabetes can cause some very dangerous complications such as hypoglycaemia, infected blood ketone coma leading to danger to life. Therefore to deal with this type of diabetes need to have 2 treatments: Treatment of immediate and long-term treatment.
Treatment for type 1 diabetes appears ahead
Immediate solution if type 1 diabetics face complications and infections acid cetone high levels of blood sugar, the acid treatment is necessary cetone infection.
When there is not enough insulin to get glucose into cells, glucose may rise in the blood. Meanwhile, the body search of other forms of energy production and use fat as a fuel source. Fat is broken down to produce energy and the process will create many acetone acid, ketones in the blood and urine increase. Cetone infection caused acid (ketoacidosis.)
Treatment for type 1 diabetes long-term goals
Prolong Life
Reduce symptoms
Prevention of complications caused by diabetes
Patients with type 1 diabetes should know how to:
Blood glucose self-test
Do exercise
Pedicure
Using Insulin
Proper diet
Insulin
Insulin reduces blood glucose levels by bringing glucose into the cells. Everyone needs insulin nguoideu. Patients with type 1 diabetes can not produce enough insulin. They inject insulin every day.
Insulin is usually injected under the skin. In some cases, may use an insulin pump continuously. Today, insulin made by inhalation are using.
Insulin injection type and number of days due to doctors assigned based on a patient's blood sugar levels.
Patients with diabetes need to know how to adjust insulin doses in the following situations:
When exercise
When sick
When you eat more or less
While traveling
Diet
Must have appropriate diet for each patient based on age, physical activity ....
Refer to the diet for patients with diabetes
Physical activity
Regular exercise helps control blood sugar levels.
Patients with type 1 diabetes must be careful before, during, and after physical activity or exercise.
Always check with your doctor before starting a new exercise program.
Choose an appropriate physical activity.
Exercise every day and at the same time of day, if possible.
Subscribe home blood glucose before and after exercising.
Bring food containing carbohydrate in case your blood sugar is too low during or after exercise.
Drink plenty of water not contain sugar before, during, and after exercise.
When you change the intensity or duration of your exercise, you may need to modify your diet or medication to keep your blood glucose levels in an appropriate range.
Open direction in the treatment of diabetes type 1
Gene therapy
Aims to prevent, treat and cure effectively in patients with type 1 diabetes, the scientists research effort to discover the genes interact with disease genes and disease mechanisms. However, type 1 diabetes is a disease multiple genes so despite some initial results are very positive, but the next time gene therapy has yet to be applied clinically.
Immunotherapy
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease so the researchers conducted a clinical trial of primary prevention of diabetes to assess the effect of the adjustment of immunotherapy may prevent diabetes Type 1 diabetes in those at high risk or not? The direction of impact in order to prevent the destruction of beta cells (where insulin production) caused by autoimmunity as the intervention by antigens, cytokines, monoclonal antibodies ... However, the effectiveness of the measures for high-risk populations (90% will progress to diabetes type 1) is uncertain and needs to be carried out new tests on larger populations.
Impact on the environment
Can prevent type 1 diabetes by breaking down or inhibited from environmental agents can interact or activate genes that cause diabetes type 1. However, in reality there are some agents be attributed to the culprit as infection, poisoning, diet ... but has not been ascertained so we can not conduct a specific study under the pathogens.
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