Diabetes Type 2

Diabetes is an endocrine disease caused by lying in metabolic glucose is not going to be the body when cells are missing or impaired insulin effect by the body. Diabetes is becoming a disease of the times especially diabetes type 2. According to statistics every 10 people have diabetes, up to 9 people with type 2 diabetes (type 2 diabetes accounts for 90 - 95% of people with diabetes now).

Overweight and obesity increase the risk for type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is what?

Type 2 diabetes is also called non-insulin dependent diabetes or adult diabetes. Unlike type 1 diabetes in type 2 diabetes, the pancreas of patients are still capable of producing insulin, but not enough.

In some cases, after eating the pancreas produce more insulin amounts than normal. Most patients with type 2 diabetes, the body cells are still sensitive to insulin (especially fat cells and muscle cells), bulk insulin producing cells are identified.

Causes of type 2 diabetes

- Genetic factors: Genes play an important role against type 2 diabetes gene or gene variant groups can act to degrade the ability of the pancreas to produce insulin.

- Due to obesity and physical inactivity: Due to excess calories, lose balance calories with activity of the body and cause insulin resistance. When loaded too many nutrients into the body without physical activity regime will affect the pancreas and pressure injection of insulin the pancreas must produce, in the long run will weaken pancreas and fades away possibilities to produce insulin causes diabetes.

Subjects with type 2 diabetes

- Age> 45

- People with a BMI = 23, waist circumference> 90 cm (men),> 80 cm (women)

- People with relatives (father, mother, brother, sister was suffering from diabetes)

- Persons with special obstetric history (stillbirth, miscarriage, gestational diabetes, birth to ≥ 4kg)

- Idiopathic hypertension (≥ 140/90 mmHg)

- People with a history of glucose intolerance or fasting glucose disorders

- People with coronary heart disease or stroke

- Increased triglycerides (fat) blood.

- A diet high in fat.

- Drink lots of alcohol

- Sit many

- Obesity or overweight.

Signs identify type 2 diabetes

Diabetes type 2 is basically composed of the following signs:

- People always feel tired

- Unexplained weight loss

- Feeling constantly thirsty

- Frequent urination, Continuous

- Eat more, feeling hunger fast

- Slow healing

- Infection syndrome

- Changes in mental status

- Blurred vision

Complications of type 2 diabetes

See also: Diabetes Complications

Type 2 diabetes if not controlled blood sugar over the long term will cause dangerous complications following:

Heart and vascular disease: Diabetes significantly increased cardiovascular risk with various problems, including coronary artery disease with chest pain (angina), heart attack, stroke, arterial narrowing ( atherosclerosis) and high blood pressure.

Nerve damage (neuropathy): Excess sugar can hurt the image of the small blood vessels thanhs (capillaries) nourishing the nerves, especially in the legs. This can cause tingling, numbness, pain or heat usually starts in the toes or fingers and gradually spread upward. Poorly controlled blood sugar can eventually lose sensation in the affected limb.

Damage kidneys contain millions of tiny blood vessels and filters waste from the blood cluster. Diabetes can damage the filtration system. Serious damage can lead to kidney failure or end-stage renal disease can not be reversed, requiring dialysis or a kidney transplant.

Eye damage: Diabetes can damage the blood vessels of the retina (diabetic retinopathy), potentially leading to blindness. Diabetes also increases the risk of the condition of other serious vision, such as cataracts and glaucoma.

Damage feet: nerve damage in the feet or poor blood flow increases the risk of various foot complications. If untreated, cuts and blisters can become serious infections. Serious injury may require removing the toe, foot or leg amputation.

Skin and mouth: Diabetes can be prone to skin problems, including bacterial infections and fungi. Gum infections can also be a concern, especially if there is a history of poor oral hygiene.

Osteoporosis: Diabetes can lead to lower bone density than normal, increasing the risk of osteoporosis.

Treatment of type 2 diabetes

Treatment of type 2 diabetes require long-term compliance with the following:

- Monitoring blood sugar

- Reasonable diet

- Exercise regularly

- Drugs oral hypoglycemic or insulin

These steps to help bring blood sugar closer to normal in order to help prevent or delay diabetes complications.

a) Monitoring blood sugar:

Depending on the treatment plan, you should test your blood sugar once or several times a day. Regular blood glucose monitoring is a way to help stabilize huyet.Ban must learn to change the following issues to stabilize blood sugar:

- Food: Eat what food and how to eat to avoid hyperglycemia. The highest blood glucose 2 hours after a meal after 1-. Ask your doctor or specialist Endocrinology dietitian for help.

- Physical activity: Physical activity will take blood sugar into the cells. Regular physical activity helps lower blood sugar.

- Medications: Many medications effects on blood sugar, sometimes need to change your treatment plan with diabetes.

- Other Disease: When colds or other diseases, the body produces many hormones increase blood sugar.

- Drinking: Alcohol and alcohol-soluble substances that can cause blood sugar levels rise or fall, depending on the amount of alcohol you drink and food

- Stress: Stress When the body will respond by producing more hormones to fight stress, but these hormones also ineffective insulin action.

b) a reasonable diet

You do not need to implement security mode excessive abstinence, you should eat a lot of food:

- Fresh vegetables

- Wheat grain ...

These foods are rich in nutrients but low in fat and energy. You should also limit sugary foods and those foods prepared from flour, rice.

Foods with a low glycemic index: can be very useful. Glycemic index are indicators of increased feed rate mau.Thuc eat sugar have a high glycemic index will increase blood sugar quickly. These fiber-rich foods have a low glycemic index

c) Physical activity:

Anyone need regular exercise and diabetes patients is no exception. Consult a doctor before starting to practice sports pick. Then choose the sport you love, such as walking, swimming ... It is important to practice regularly every day, so for at least 30 minutes every day. Should begin gentle exercise and then gradually increase the intensity of training.

Remember that physical activity helps lower blood sugar. Check your blood sugar before training. You should also snack before exercising to avoid hypoglycaemia if you are taking medications for diabetes, or are insulin.